Boiler



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' W. T. HOPSON.

BOILER.

No. 894,858. Patented. Dem-18, 1888.

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W. T. HOPSON.

BOILBR. No. 394,858. Patented Deo. 18, 1888.

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IINTTED STATES PATENT Ormea.

\VILLIAM T. HOPSON, OF NEIV LONDON, CONNECTICUT.

BOILER.

SPECIFCATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 394,858, dated December 18, 1888. Application filed September 13, 1888. Serial No. 285,275. (No model.)

To all whom it 77mg/ concern:

Be it known that I, 'ILLIAM T. HOPSON, ot' New London, county of New London, and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Boilers for \Vater-I Ieating, ot' which the following' is a t' ull, clear, and exact description, reference being had ro the accompanying drawings and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

My invention has relation to boilers such as are chiefly intended for use in connection with hot-wateV-heating apparatus .tor domestic and other purposes, and particularly to that \f*ariety oi' such boilers in which a number of similar sections or parts are connected, constituting what is sometimes called a sectional 7 boiler.

Among the objects of my invention are the production or provision of a simple and effective sectional boiler, which may be made ot' any desired capacity, easily and quickly built up and set, in which the various sections are connected at top and bottom in such manner as to insure a thorough and positive circulation equally throughout the whole series and deliver from each section the hottest water to the radiating system, in which the connections may be readily reached, wherein the products of combustion are so directed as to be utilized to best advantage, and wherein other and further advantages in the matters of construction and operation are secured, as will hereinafter appear.

To accomplish all of this, my improvements involve certain new and useful arrangements or combinations of parts, peculiarities of construction, and principles of operation, as will be iirst fully explained, and then pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying' drawings, forming part of this specification, Figure l is a longitudinal view oiA myimproved boiler, partly in section and partly in elevation. Fig. 2 is an elevation of two of the sectional parts con- I nected with the headers, the longitudinal headers at top and bottom being' shown in section and the cross-header being in elevation. Fig. 3 is a view in horizontal section, showing two of the sections mounted side by side, leaving space between the overhanging parts for passage of products of combustion. Fig. 4 is a cross-section and partial elevation showing the flue-connections, and Fig. 5 is a horizontal section and partial plan view of the rear portion upon a plane through line o; c of Fig. 5 5

i. Fig. 6 is a plan ot a fragment ot' the baffle-plate detached.

In all these figures like lett-ers of reference, wherever they occur, indicate corresponding parts.

A A are the upper or overhanging portions of the sections, of which B B are the legs. These sections are of similar form and are each cast in one piece. They are set so as to abut against each other, (or very nearly so,) their outer portions forming vertical walls and their inner portions inclosing the space which constitutes the nre-chamber. The inner ends of the portions A A are contracted, so as to leave spaces between the sections, through which the products of combustion may pass upwardly from the fire-box, thus heating each section thoroughly.

C represents the iire box, space, or chambeiyand D the ash-pit below the grate.

E E are longitudinal headers, with which each section is connected through the bottoni of its leg. The connection is made by threaded nipples, (represented at d en) which may be easily reached with a wrench or turningtool. These lower headers are supported upon the masonry in any suitable way and constitute the foundation of the main portion of the boiler. The sections, in any number, according to the length of fire-box or extent of heating-surface required, being mounted upon these lower headers, are next connected in pairs at top by cross-headers F F, one for each pair, and each of a length about equal to the combined widths of the connected sections. The connections are made by nipples, as o b, which may be easily reached and screwed to place, the nipples being located at or near the ends of the cross-headers. The two sections thus connected are practically as one, so far as interior circulation is concerned, and yet they are so united that any expansions or contractions of either will have no injurious effects. All the sections being connected in pairs, the pairs are next to be Ioo connected, and this is accomplished by employment of a longitudinal header, G, extend- :ing about the length ot the boiler above the cross-headers and connected with each by nipples c c, similar in constructhm and operf ation to (L d and D Z1; From the longitudinal header G any connection, as 1I,leads ol'f to deliver the. heated water to any radiating sysw tem. The lower headers, E E, are tapped at any desired point and receive the return water. This completes the boiler proper, and a consideration of its eonstiaiet-iou will show that it is quite simple in all its parts, easily mounted or setup, and affords all that can be desired in the matter of free and perfect cir culation from the lower headers to the upper header, and an extensive exposure of heatingsurface as well as freedom from injurious effects of expansions or eontrz'ictions. The boiler is setj7 as itis called, in brick-work or masonry.

I I are the side walls, leaving fines K K on each side between them and the outer faces of the sections.

L is the chimney or uptake, into which a directidraift opening', M, leads from over the tops of the sections. This is to be supplied with a damper in any of the usual forms.

N is the front wall, in which is an opening, '0, for the tire and ash doors, and an opening, P, also to be provided with a door through which access maybe had for purpose of cleaning the tlues. These doors are not shown, be ing in any of the usual Vforms and having suitable casings around which the masonryis built.

The tire-box is stopped off at the rear by a section of masonry, Q, which is inclined from about the line ot' grate up to the overhanging port-ions of the rear pair of sections. By extending or contracting the base of this masonry, the length of grate-surfaee to be employed can be regulated according' to the requirements of any particular case.

Baffie-plates R R are employed in the side fines. These are perforatet'l at suitable intervals, and are located about on a level with the top of the lire-box. Their purpose is to prevent the rush of products of combustion in their shortest paths to the chimney and insure (when the return-draft is employed) complete envelopinent of the boiler by the heated products, and thus the best heating effects. Then the lire is burning and the directsdraft channel opened, the products take a course upward between the sections, under the crossheaders, and out to the chimney by the shortest lines. \'\'hen the damper in the directdraft channel is turned, the products ascend, as before, till the space beneath the coveringareh, descend outside the boiler structure on each side and somewhat at the ends, pass through the bathe-plates and out to the chimney from each side through the openings or tlues represented at S. 'lhus the sections and the cross-headers, as well as the longitudinal header at top, are exposed on all sides to the heat. After leaving the sections, the water is 'further heated in the (moss-headers and from them delivered to the top header, t'urther heated therein, and discharged to the radiating system at its highest tcmperature. The spaces between the lower ends ot' the sections and the lower headers are closed by the grate ring or band T, on which the grateflmrs are mounted. The grate-bars are connect ed so as to rock together Viu the usual fashion.

The improved boiler, ctmstructed and arranged substantially in accordance with' the foregoing ex1;)lanations, has been found to admirably answer the purposes or objects of the invention previously set forth.

I am aware that hollow sections have hcretofore been made to reach or project over the gratesurface, and, so far as such sections alone are considered, I make no claim herein to them; but

Having now fully described my invention, what I do claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patenti, is-

l. In aboilcr of the character herein setforth, the combination of the several similar over-hangin sections united in pairs by crossheaders extendin over the overhan ging parts and above their tops, substantially as shown and described.

2. In a boiler of the character herein set forth, the combination of the several similar overhanging sections united in pairs by crossheaders extending over the over-hangin parts and above their tops, and the longitudinal header connected with each cross-header and located above the series, substantially as shown and described.

3. In a boiler of the character herein set forth, the combination of the lower header, a series of overhan ging sections mounted thereon, cross-headers connecting the said sections in pairs and extending over them, and the central longitiulinal header conneete `l with each of said cross-head ers and located above the series, substantially as and Yfor the purposes set forth.

t In combination with a boiler composed. of several similar sections overhanging the tire-box and united in pairs bycross-hcmders, the vertical tlues betuvcen the sections, the side tlues, and the bartllesliilate, arranged sub stantially as and for the purposes set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set myhafml iu the prcsenccot two witnesses.

\\"l LLIA'M T. HOPSON.

XVitnesses:

WILLIAM BELCHER, LOUIS lil. Joxns.

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